Dwelling
Boz uy — the yurt
Боз үй
A house that can be assembled in an hour and disassembled in half an hour. The entire structure of the Kyrgyz ornament is the structure of its walls, dome, and floor.
Device
The walls are sliding lattice kerege, arranged in a ring. From them, the uuk poles extend to the dome, converging in the tunduk circle. Outside, everything is covered with felt canvases, belted at the bottom with a ribbon and wrapped in a chiy mat. There is just enough wood so that the frame can be transported by horses, and not a single pole more.
Why this is important for the ornament
The yurt is round, and the composition of the Kyrgyz pattern follows it: center, field, border along the circle. A rectangular panel is already a translation from one language to another, and this translation must be done consciously. Therefore, the designer builds the composition from zones — center, field, border, corner — rather than placing pictures on a canvas.
Recognition
Knowledge and skills of yurt making were inscribed by UNESCO on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2014 as a joint nomination by Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.
Words
- Боз үй · boz uy
- Юрта, «серый дом»Кыргызы называют юрту так; слово «юрта» — тюркское, но не кыргызское самоназвание
- Кереге · kerege
- Раздвижная решётка стены
- Уук · uuk
- Купольная жердь
- Түндүк · tunduk
- Круг в вершине куполаИзображён на флаге Кыргызстана
- Босого · bosogo
- Дверная рама
Motifs in this article
Source: UNESCO, Repository of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, UNESCO · Акматалиев А., Кыргыздын кол өнөрчүлүгү, 1996, ISBN 5-655-00960-9