Dwelling

Boz uy — the yurt

Боз үй

A house that can be assembled in an hour and disassembled in half an hour. The entire structure of the Kyrgyz ornament is the structure of its walls, dome, and floor.

UNESCO · Representative List · 2014Traditional knowledge and skills in making Kyrgyz and Kazakh yurts (Turkic nomadic dwellings)

Device

The walls are sliding lattice kerege, arranged in a ring. From them, the uuk poles extend to the dome, converging in the tunduk circle. Outside, everything is covered with felt canvases, belted at the bottom with a ribbon and wrapped in a chiy mat. There is just enough wood so that the frame can be transported by horses, and not a single pole more.

Why this is important for the ornament

The yurt is round, and the composition of the Kyrgyz pattern follows it: center, field, border along the circle. A rectangular panel is already a translation from one language to another, and this translation must be done consciously. Therefore, the designer builds the composition from zones — center, field, border, corner — rather than placing pictures on a canvas.

Recognition

Knowledge and skills of yurt making were inscribed by UNESCO on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2014 as a joint nomination by Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.

Words

Боз үй · boz uy
Юрта, «серый дом»Кыргызы называют юрту так; слово «юрта» — тюркское, но не кыргызское самоназвание
Кереге · kerege
Раздвижная решётка стены
Уук · uuk
Купольная жердь
Түндүк · tunduk
Круг в вершине куполаИзображён на флаге Кыргызстана
Босого · bosogo
Дверная рама

Motifs in this article

Source: UNESCO, Repository of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, UNESCO · Акматалиев А., Кыргыздын кол өнөрчүлүгү, 1996, ISBN 5-655-00960-9